Field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the impact of using a herbicide as a bananacide on aphid transmission of banana bunchy top virus family nanoviridae, genus babuvirus, bbtv to healthy banana musa spp. Although unequivocal evidence by reproduction of the disease through inoculation of purified virions or cloned genomic components is lacking, definitive association of bbtv with bunchy top disease was demonstrated by insect vectormediated transmission of bbtv from an. Banana and plantain are also known to be susceptible to five other viruses of minor significance, such as abaca mosaic virus, abaca bunchy top virus, banana mild mosaic virus, banana virus x, and cucumber mosaic virus. Eradication of banana bunchy top virus bbtv and banana. Bunchy top the banana knowledge platform of the promusa network. Current models of bbtv are largely deterministic, limited by an incomplete understanding of interactions in complex natural systems, and the appropriate identification of parameters. The virus is vectored by the banana aphid pentalonia nigronervosa. The cooperative extension service 1997 states that, \ banana bunchy top virus is spread by the banana aphid, which acquires the virus after at least four but usually about 18 hours of feeding on an infected plant. Bunchy top the banana knowledge platform of the promusa. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a threat to hawaii bananas. The disease is caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, which is transmitted by.
Banana bunchy top virus bbtvinfected plants are stunted with pale yellow margins and a characteristic dotdash pattern. One may diagnose banana bunchy top more accurately by observing the more subtle disease symptoms associated with leaf veins morse code, green jhooks and petioles mottling, rather than the bunchy appearance of leaves, which can have. Potential yield losses of 90 to 100%, especially with cavendish subgroup of the aaa cultivar group aaa, have been reported in both smallscale farms and. A pcrbased method, with internal control, for the detection. A multipronged approach has been taken to characterize banana bunchy top virus and its causes, spread and potential control in hawaii. It was first identified in fiji in 1891, and has spread around the world and thereafter from almost all the potential banana growing areas of the world. Feb 26, 2018 a virus first detected as far back as 1891 in fiji has found its way to south africa. Banana bunchy top disease can be effectively controlled by the eradication of diseased plants and the use of virustested planting material.
Banana bunchy top disease bbtd caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv, is the most serious virus disease of banana and plantain worldwide. To identify the cause of the disease, a roving survey was conducted in december 2011 in nine locations in avrankou, dangbo, akpromisserete and porto. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is the causal microorganism of this disease. A virus first detected as far back as 1891 in fiji has found its way to south africa. Scientists have previously believed that papaya bunchy top disease was caused by a virus, a mycoplasmalike organism mlo, or a phytoplasma, but these possible pathogens have. Pdf banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease. Virus host plants banana, plantain, abaca, wild banana, bird of paradise, ginger affected plant stages all growth stages affected plant parts whole plant symptoms the initial symptom is the presence of darkgreen spots on the petioles, midribs, and leaf veins of the newly emerging leaves.
Movement of banana bunchy top virus 2281 hybridization of rna probes to plant extracts. Papaya bunchy top disease was first discovered in 1931 in puerto rico. Plants with banana bunchy top bbt have narrow, progressively shorter leaves. Infected plants cannot recover and will serve as a source of viral. Banana bunchy top disease is a major constraint to banana production in most regions where this crop is grown. Estimating a novel stochastic model for withinfield disease.
This document supplements the information in pd12 banana bunchy top virus, which is available. Movement and transmission of banana bunchy top virus. Bunchy top is a viral disease caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv. Although the disease was first reported in the late 1880s, the virus itself, which was originally classified as a luteovirus, was isolated in the late 1980s and reassigned to the nanoviridae family in the genus babuvirus. Use of polymerase chain reaction pcr to study transmission. Banana bunchy top virus and its vector pentalonia nigronervosa. Detection of the bbtv infection in the planting material could help in the effective management of the disease in banana. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a plant virus having a. A total of 10 suckers from the french plantain litete musa aab and the false horn plantain libanga likale musa aab with advanced bbtd. Family nanoviridae is a phytopathogenic virus associated with bunchy top disease of banana has become a major threat to banana and plantain cultivation in india and in several tropical. Molecular characterization of banana bunchy top virus. The most economically important viruses of banana and plantain are banana bunchy top virus bbtv, a complex of banana streak viruses bsvs and banana bract mosaic virus bbrmv.
Banana bunchy top disease bbtd caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most damaging banana diseases in affected tropical regions of africa, asia and the pacific. The cause of a banana disease in the province of sindh, pakistan, was attributed to banana bunchy top virus. Bunchy top of banana symptoms epidemiology management. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv causes one of the most devastating diseases of banana. The virus is transmitted in a persistent manner by the banana aphid. In indonesia, it was first reported in 1979 in the regency of bandung in west java, and now becoming widespread in several growing areas. Using polymerase chain reaction, the time after herbicide. Aphid transmission of banana bunchy top virus to bananas. Towards understanding the structure of the capsid of. It was first identified in fiji in 1879, and has spread around the world since then.
Systemicity of banana bunchy top viral infection in the. Additionally, bbtv dna component one did not appear to replicate in its aphid vector, pentalonia nigronervosa. In july 2011, banana and plantain that displayed stunting and leaf symptoms typical of banana bunchy top disease were observed to be widespread in dangbo commune, oueme department, benin. Ron heu, survey entomologist plants infected with banana. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a plant pathogenic virus of the family nanoviridae known for infecting banana plants and other crops. Banana bunchy top virus is a ss dna virus with single. Bbtvinfected banana plants in a commercial orchard were treated with roundup weathermax herbicide. Evidence for a viral agent a virus, bbtv, is the causal agent of bunchy top disease of banana. Bunchy top disease of banana caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, genus babuvirus family nanoviridae is one of the most important constraints in production of banan. The disease is causing severe damage in malawi and dr congo while it has only recently. We have designed primers to a conserved region of the master replicationassociated protein that are useful for the polymerase chain reaction pcr.
Determine disease parameters that are important to the development of virus management practices team members harvest banana bunches and look for plants infected with banana bunchy top virus. Banana bunchy top virus the banana knowledge platform of. An agentbased computer simulation on banana bunchy top. While many isolates of bbtv from various regions of india have been characterized by different groups, no structural study. Management of banana bunchy top virus in hawaii western sare. Current models of bbtv are largely deterministic, limited by an incomplete understanding of interactions in complex natural systems, and the appropriate identification of. The aphids occur widely in florida, but the pathogen has not been. The species that vector the disease is dependent on the geographical location.
Endophytic bacteria induces systemic resistance against banana bunchy top virus. The disease is caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, a multicomponent, singlestranded dna virus of the family nanoviridae. Identification was based on symptomatology, sizemorphology of the virus particles 20. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv00overview eppo global database. Bunchy top of banana banana bunchy top virus erect leaves, narrower and smaller than healthy leaves, with yellow edges. Banana bunchy top disease bbt is one of the most serious diseases of banana. Pots of tissuecultured banana plants developed by team. Early on, the identity of the pathogen was highly contested due to the inability of isolating it. Towards understanding the structure of the capsid of banana. Look carefully to see how minor veins are hooked jshaped as they join the midrib in infected plants.
Before destruction, diseased plants should first be sprayed with power kerosene or insecticide to kill all viruliferous aphids. Bbtv is diagnosed by identifying symptoms of diseased plants or by submitting a banana leaf sample to test for the banana bunchy top virus. The banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most economically important vectorborne banana diseases throughout the asiapacific basin and presents a significant challenge to the agricultural sector. Banana bunchy top disease bbtd caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most important banana diseases in the democratic republic of congo.
First report of banana bunchy top virus in banana musa spp. Pathogenderived resistance pdr strategies have been applied successfully to generate plants that are resistant to. Infected plants rarely produce a fruit bunch after infection and do. The purpose of this article is to enhance ones ability to recognize bunchy top and the aphid vector.
Production of banana bunchy top virus bbtvfree plantain. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is the most devastating virus disease of bananas. Banana bunchy top control order department of primary. We analyzed 171 banana leaf samples from fourteen countries and recovered, cloned, and sequenced 855 complete bbtv components. The banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded dna virus 1820 nm in diameter that causes bunchy top in bananas. Family nanoviridae is a phytopathogenic virus associated with bunchy top disease of banana has become a major threat to banana and plantain cultivation in india and in several tropical regions of the world and cause significant yield losses. By that time, however, the virus has most likely been spread to other plants by the banana aphid, pentalonia nigronervosa. Bbtv is diagnosed by identifying symptoms of diseased plants or by submitting a banana leaf. Genotypes against banana bunchy top virus bbtv download download pdf. View of differential biochemical response among banana musa. This study focused on the production of bbtvfree plantain seedlings from infected banana plants. Bbtv, an 1820 nm isometric virus, has a multicomponent genome consisting of at least six components of circular ssdna ranging in size between 1018 and 1111 nucleotides burns, 1994.
Banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease springerlink. View of differential biochemical response among banana. It is present across all of south asia and the pacific and is currently spreading in southern africa. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded ss plant dna virus and the type member of the genus babuvirus in th. Study the patterns of banana bunchy top virus spread in commercial fields 3. The rate of virus free plant regeneration from banana bunchy top virus bbtv infected plants was 57. Development of rapidot immunoassays for the detection of. Banana bunchy top disease bbtd, caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, is the most important viral disease of bananas musa spp. The cooperative extension service 1997 states that, \banana bunchy top virus is spread by the banana aphid, which acquires the virus after at least four but usually about 18 hours of feeding on an infected plant. Banana bunchy top virus an overview sciencedirect topics. Ground zero is hibberdene on the lower kzn south coast.
A polymerase chain reaction pcr assay was used to study bbtv transmission efficiency, to determine the minimum acquisition. Banana bunchy top disease bbtd is the most economically important virus disease of bananas. Banana bunchy top is a viral disease caused by a singlestranded dna virus called the banana bunchy top virus bbtv. Banana bunchy top bunchy top virus or banana virus 1 or musa virus1 first reported from fiji in 1889 in cavendish varieties around 1940, introduced into india from srilanka through cyclone. Page 2 of 4 j agri sci food res, an open access journal volume 9 issue 4 245. Banana bunchy top disease bbtd is an aphidtransmitted virus disease of banana plants. Nov 12, 2015 banana bunchy top disease bbtd caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most damaging banana diseases in affected tropical regions of africa, asia and the pacific. The aphid can retain the virus through its adult life, for a period of 1520 days. We have designed primers to a conserved region of the master replicationassociated protein that are useful for the polymerase chain reaction pcrmediated. Banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease. Membranes were prehybridized in 510 ml of hybridization buffer 50% formamide, 0. Incidence of banana bunchy top disease in west java. An agentbased computer simulation on banana bunchy top disease. Bunchy top or curly top or cabbage top or strangles disease.
Like many viruses, bbtv was named after the symptoms seen, where the infected plants are stunted and have bunchy leaves at the top. Studies over the past 100 years have contributed to important knowledge on disease biology, distribution, and spread. Its integral genome consists of at least six circular ssdna genome components and is associated with all geographical isolates of bbtv. It causes bun chy top disease of banana and plantain. Once established, it is extremely difficult to eradicate or manage.
Pdf banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded ss plant dna virus and the type member of the genus babuvirus in the. Genotypes against banana bunchy top virus bbtv download download pdf differential biochemical response among banana musa spp. Namratha nd, narayan bm, chougal a, chidanand ar 2018 development of rapidot immunoassays for the detection of banana bunchy top virus. The disease is caused by b anana bunchy top virus bbtv, which is transmitted by banana aphids pentalonia nigronervosa coquerel. Papaya bunchy top disease is found only in tropical areas within the americas.
We analyzed 171 banana leaf samples from fourteen countries and recovered, cloned, and sequenced 855 complete bbtv components including ninetyfour full genomes. The disease, often called bbtd for banana bunchy top disease, gets its name from the bunchy appearance of infected plants. Bbtv causes bunchy top disease of banana and plantain. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a ssdna virus transmitted by the banana aphid, pentalonia nigronervosa. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded ss plant dna virus and the type member of the genus babuvirus in the family nanoviridae. The disease is widespread in asia and south pacific regions. Post a photo of it here and we will take a look at it. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most serious diseases of banana. Effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology and. Banana bunchy top disease in pakistan khalid 1993 plant. Return to article details differential biochemical response among banana musa spp. Banana bunchy top disease bbtd caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv babuvirus, nanoviridae is one of the most economically important diseases of bananas musa spp. Movement and transmission of banana bunchy top virus dna.
Bbtv is known to cause the most serious economic losses in the old world, contributing to a yield reduction of up to 100% and responsible for a dramatic. An agentbased computer simulation on banana bunchy top disease, international journal of environment agriculture and biotechnology,vol. Leaves infected with banana bunchy top virus photo. Effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology. The global distribution of banana bunchy top virus reveals. Bunchy top disease of banana is one of the most devastating diseases caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv that results in a significant loss of yield, stunting and bunchy appearance of leaves. Banana is the major staple food crop for approximately 400 million people. It is vectored by two species of leafhopper, empoasca papayae oman sein and empoasca stevensi young. Estimating a novel stochastic model for withinfield. Transgenic virus resistance is now considered one of the most promising strategies to control bbtv.
1262 933 979 1153 764 556 813 1452 691 653 334 1456 418 1232 325 101 515 773 1174 47 725 1259 716 1123 4 698 44 559 1199 666 1135 992 249 19 299 1325 1425